read.markets/app/auth.py

"""Request-level authentication.

Two paths accepted:

1. **Session cookie** (`cassandra_session`) — set by /login. Signed with
   `CASSANDRA_SESSION_SECRET` via itsdangerous; carries just the user id.
   On each request we deserialise, then load the User from the DB so the
   tier value is always fresh.

2. **Bearer token** (`Authorization: Bearer …`) — the legacy single-user
   path kept as an admin/dev escape hatch and for programmatic API access
   (CLI, curl, scripts). Matches `CASSANDRA_TOKEN` if set.

If neither matches:
- HTML requests get 303 → /login
- API / curl-style requests get 401

For backwards-compat, `require_token` is an alias for `require_auth` so
existing routers that do `dependencies=[Depends(require_token)]` keep
working without edit.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import secrets
from dataclasses import dataclass

from fastapi import Header, HTTPException, Request, status
from itsdangerous import BadSignature, SignatureExpired, URLSafeTimedSerializer

from app.config import get_settings
from app.db import get_session_factory
from app.models import User
from app.services.auth_service import get_user


SESSION_COOKIE_NAME = "cassandra_session"
SESSION_TTL_SECONDS = 14 * 24 * 60 * 60   # 14 days

# Short-lived cookie set during signup / unverified-login. Carries the email
# under verification so the /verify page knows who's verifying without making
# the user retype the address. NOT an auth cookie — never grants access to
# anything beyond /verify and /verify/resend.
PENDING_COOKIE_NAME = "cassandra_pending"
PENDING_TTL_SECONDS = 60 * 60   # 1 hour


@dataclass
class CurrentUser:
    """The authenticated principal for the current request.

    `user` is None when the bearer token was used (admin/dev path with no
    matching DB row). Routes that need per-user scoping should check
    `is_admin` and either use a sentinel admin scope or 403."""
    is_admin: bool
    user: User | None

    @property
    def id(self) -> int | None:
        return self.user.id if self.user else None

    @property
    def email(self) -> str | None:
        return self.user.email if self.user else None


def _serializer() -> URLSafeTimedSerializer:
    s = get_settings()
    secret = s.CASSANDRA_SESSION_SECRET or s.CASSANDRA_TOKEN or "dev-insecure-secret"
    return URLSafeTimedSerializer(secret, salt="cassandra-session-v1")


def sign_session(user_id: int) -> str:
    return _serializer().dumps({"uid": int(user_id)})


def verify_session(cookie: str) -> int | None:
    try:
        data = _serializer().loads(cookie, max_age=SESSION_TTL_SECONDS)
        return int(data["uid"])
    except (BadSignature, SignatureExpired, KeyError, TypeError, ValueError):
        return None


def _pending_serializer() -> URLSafeTimedSerializer:
    s = get_settings()
    secret = s.CASSANDRA_SESSION_SECRET or s.CASSANDRA_TOKEN or "dev-insecure-secret"
    return URLSafeTimedSerializer(secret, salt="cassandra-pending-v1")


def sign_pending(email: str, user_id: int) -> str:
    return _pending_serializer().dumps({"email": email, "uid": int(user_id)})


def verify_pending(cookie: str) -> dict | None:
    """Returns {"email": str, "uid": int} or None if signature/expiry bad."""
    try:
        data = _pending_serializer().loads(cookie, max_age=PENDING_TTL_SECONDS)
        return {"email": str(data["email"]), "uid": int(data["uid"])}
    except (BadSignature, SignatureExpired, KeyError, TypeError, ValueError):
        return None


def _wants_html(request: Request) -> bool:
    accept = request.headers.get("accept", "").lower()
    # Treat a missing Accept header as HTML for browser navigations.
    if not accept:
        return True
    return "text/html" in accept and "application/json" not in accept


async def require_auth(
    request: Request,
    authorization: str | None = Header(default=None),
) -> CurrentUser:
    """Resolve the current authenticated principal. Raises HTTPException
    on failure (303 redirect to /login for HTML, 401 for API)."""
    s = get_settings()

    # --- 1) Bearer token (admin / dev / scripts) ---
    if s.CASSANDRA_TOKEN and authorization and authorization.lower().startswith("bearer "):
        provided = authorization.split(" ", 1)[1].strip()
        if secrets.compare_digest(provided.encode(), s.CASSANDRA_TOKEN.encode()):
            principal = CurrentUser(is_admin=True, user=None)
            request.state.current_user = principal
            return principal

    # --- 2) Session cookie (browser) ---
    cookie = request.cookies.get(SESSION_COOKIE_NAME)
    if cookie:
        uid = verify_session(cookie)
        if uid is not None:
            async with get_session_factory()() as db_session:
                user = await get_user(db_session, uid)
                if user is not None:
                    principal = CurrentUser(is_admin=False, user=user)
                    request.state.current_user = principal
                    return principal

    # --- 3) Unauthenticated ---
    if _wants_html(request):
        # Preserve the originally-requested path so /login can redirect back.
        path = request.url.path
        if request.url.query:
            path += "?" + request.url.query
        return _raise_redirect_to_login(next_path=path)
    raise HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Authentication required",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )


def _raise_redirect_to_login(next_path: str = "/") -> None:
    # Some pages (login itself) are paths a redirect loop would be silly
    # to send back to. The auth router opts out of this dependency
    # entirely, so we don't need to filter here.
    raise HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_303_SEE_OTHER,
        detail="Login required",
        headers={"Location": f"/login?next={next_path}"},
    )


# Backwards compatibility: every existing router uses Depends(require_token).
require_token = require_auth